Phrenologist
Today phrenology is considered a pseudoscience, but in the past, people believed in the practice and the phrenologists were highly appreciated. This practice was about measuring a person’s skull to determine their mental traits and abilities. An old-fashioned IQ test of sorts. It was based on the idea that specific functions and traits are localized in the brain and can be measured.
During the 19th century phrenology was a very influential discipline, and many phycologists and psychiatrists took interest in the concept of phrenology. However, the practice was later discredited by empirical research and it was ruled as pseudoscience. It was only in the late 1960s that the practice of phrenology was eventually banned.